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1 βρῶσις
βρῶσις, εως, ἡ (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX; TestAbr B 13 p. 117, 22 [Stone p. 82]; EpArist 129; Philo; Joseph.; Just., D. 57, 3; Mel., P. 47, 337).① the act of partaking of food, eating (w. πόσις [this combin. since Od. 1, 191; also Diod S 1, 45, 2; Plut., Mor. 114c; Da 1:10; Philo, Mos. 1, 184]) Ro 14:17; Col 2:16. W. obj. gen. (as Pla., Rep. 10, 619c; Jos., Ant. 1, 334; TestReub 2:7 βρῶσις βρωμάτων) β. τῶν εἰδωλοθύτων eating of meat sacrificed to idols 1 Cor 8:4; ἄρτος εἰς β. (as Is 55:10) bread to eat 2 Cor 9:10; ὡς περὶ β. as if they referred to eating B 10:9; ἔχετε τελείως περὶ τῆς β. you are fully instructed on eating, i.e. on dietary laws 10:10 (cp. ὁ περὶ βρώσεων καὶ πόσεων … νόμος Orig., C. Cels. 2, 2, 17); εἰς β. to eat PtK 2 p. 14, 17.② the process of causing deterioration by consuming, consuming w. σής Mt 6:19f, where β. is used as a general term for consuming, which could be done by a variety of insects (in Mal 3:11 LXX A, e.g., β. is used to render אוכֵל =‘grasshopper’; מַאֲכוֹלֶת= wood worm has been suggested [HGressmann, Hdb. ad loc.]). Cp. EpJer 10, where a few mss. have βρῶσις instead of βρώματα w. ἰός. This combin. argues against the identification of βρῶσις w. ἰός in Mt, and it is not likely that a hendiadys is present. The interpretation corrosion, rust finds no support outside this passage. In the medical passages that have been adduced (cp. Galen 6, 422 [pl.]; 12, 879 ed. Kühn 1823) β.=‘decay’ of teeth. The balanced structure of the passage implies garments as victims of ‘moth and eating’, and other possessions as plunder of thieves.③ that which one eats, food (Soph. Fgm. 182, 2 TGF; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 8, 7 p. 307, 27; PLond III, 1223, 9 p. 139 [121 A.D.] χόρτον εἰς βρῶσιν προβάτων; PLips 118, 15; POxy 1686, 10; Gen 25:28; Jer 41:20; 2 Km 19:43 v.l. βρῶσιν ἐφάγαμεν; Philo, Op. M. 38).ⓐ lit. of a meal Hb 12:16; D 6:3; Dg 4:1; GJs 1:4 v.l. for βρωτόν and βρώματα.ⓑ fig. J 4:32; 6:27, 55.—DELG s.v. βιβρώσκω. M-M. TW. -
2 μολύνω
μολύνω fut. μολυνῶ SSol 5:3; 1 aor. ἐμόλυνα. Pass.: aor. ἐμολύνθην; pf. ptc. μεμολυμμένος or μεμολυσμένος LXX (‘stain, defile’ Aristoph., Pla. et al.; PSI 1160, 6 [30 B.C.]; LXX; Test12Patr; GrBar).① to cause someth. to become dirty or soiled, stain, soil (Lucian, Anach. 1; Gen 37:31; SSol 5:3) μεμολυ[μμένος] unclean, unwashed, with the result of not being pure, of one who comes without proper cleansing to a holy site that is otherwise pure (καθαρός) Ox 840, 16. Unsoiled garments as symbol of a spotless life ἃ οὐκ ἐμόλυναν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτῶν Rv 3:4.② to cause someth. to be ritually impure, defile fig. ext. of 1 (Epict. 2, 8, 13; 2, 9, 17; Porphyr., Abst. 1, 42; Synes., Dreams 10 p. 142d ἀθέων τῶν μολυνάντων τὸ ἐν αὐτοῖς θεῖον; Sir 21:28; Jer 23:11; TestAsh 4:4 τὴν ψυχήν; Orig., C. Cels. 7, 64, 27 τὴν περὶ τοῦ θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων ὑπόληψιν; Hippol., Ref. 9, 23, 4 συνείδησιν ἐπὶ ἀνόμῳ κέρδει; Theoph. Ant. 3, 15 [p. 234, 6]) τ. χεῖρας (Jos., Vi. 244) Ac 5:38 v.l. ἡ συνείδησις … μολύνεται conscience is defiled by eating meat sacrificed to idols 1 Cor 8:7 (Iren. 1, 6, 3 [Harv. I 55, 11]; Amm. Marc. 15, 2 conscientiam polluebat). Esp. of immorality (Theocr. 5, 87; EpArist 152) οἳ μετὰ γυναικῶν οὐκ ἐμολύνθησαν who have not defiled themselves with women Rv 14:4 (on problems connected with this pass. s. RCharles, Comm.).—DELG. M-M. TW.
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